Engines

Classification of Engines

•External vs Internal Combustion

•Spark Ignition SI  or Compression

  Ignition CI

•Configuration

•Valve Location

•2 Stroke or 4 Stroke

 

History of IC Engines

1860  Lenoir’s engine (a converted steam engine) combusted natural gas in a double acting piston, using electric ignition 

1876Nikolaus Otto  patented the 4 cycle engine, it used gaseous fuel

1882 Gottlieb Daimler, an engineer for Daimler, left to work on his own engine.  His 1889 twin cylinder V was the first engine to be produced in quantities. Used liquid fuel and Venturi type carburetor, engine was named “Mercedes” after the daughter of his major distributor

1893  Rudolf Diesel built successful CI engine which was 26% efficient (double the efficiency of any other engine of its time)

 

1. Pneumatic tires (1888, Dunlop)
2. Cheap liquid fuels  (Oil industry born in PA 1859)
3. Venturi effect carburetor (1892, Willi Maybach)
4. Variable mechanical transmission (primitive type by Levassor, 1891)
5. Electric starter  (Kettering 1912)

  

4 Stroke Engine:

Every 2x rotation of crank shaft or 4x movement of piston yields 1x Power